What should be the ratio of cohesive force between liquid molecules and the adhesive force between liquid molecules and the tube molecules so that the shape of meniscus is: (i) concave (ii) convex?

Solution

When we dip the capillary tube in liquid, at the contact, two types of forces are acting on liquid molecule as shown:

(i) For the molecules which are perpendicular to the surface of the tube, adhesive force acts.

(ii) For liquid molecules at an angle of 45^o, cohesive force will act on the molecules.

So,

$If \int_{a} > \int_{c} s i n 45 ° = \frac{f_{c}}{\sqrt{2}}$ ,

Resultant force or liquid molecule is outside the tube and meniscus is concave, and

$If \int_{a} > \int_{c} s i n 45 ° = \frac{f_{c}}{\sqrt{2}}$ ,

then, meniscus is convex.

Some More Questions From Mechanical Properties of Fluids Chapter

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Mechanical Properties Of Fluids

What should be the ratio of cohesive force between liquid molecules and the adhesive force between liquid molecules and the tube molecules so that the shape of meniscus is: (i) concave (ii) convex?

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