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Units And Measurement

Question
CBSEENPH11017362

Derive an expression for the position vector of centre of mass of a body consisting of two particles in terms of the their position vectors. Deduce the result for n particles.

Solution

Consider that  the body consists of two particles of massesspace space space space space space space straight m subscript 1 space and space straight m subscript 2 having position vector rightwards arrow for straight r subscript 1 of and space rightwards arrow for straight r subscript 2 of respectively.
The moment of masses of particles constituting the body about O is, 
space space space space space space space space
space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space straight m subscript 1 rightwards arrow for straight r subscript 1 of plus straight m subscript 2 rightwards arrow for straight r subscript 2 of space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space... left parenthesis 1 right parenthesis 
                   
Let rightwards arrow for straight R of be the position vector of the center of mass.
The moment of mass of center of mass about origin O is, 
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#6 {main}</pre>                                   ...(2)
Since moment of mass of the body about any point is equal to the moment of mass of CM about the same point, therefore from equations (1) and (2), we get
open parentheses straight m subscript 1 plus straight m subscript 2 close parentheses rightwards arrow for straight R of equals straight m subscript 1 rightwards arrow for straight r subscript 1 of plus straight m subscript 2 rightwards arrow for straight t subscript 2 of  

rightwards double arrow         space space rightwards arrow for straight R of equals fraction numerator straight m subscript 1 rightwards arrow for straight r subscript 1 of plus straight m subscript 2 rightwards arrow for straight r subscript 2 of over denominator straight m subscript 1 plus straight m subscript 2 end fraction 

For a system of n particles, the position of center of mass is given by, 

rightwards arrow for straight R of equals fraction numerator straight m subscript 1 rightwards arrow for straight r subscript 1 of plus straight m subscript 2 rightwards arrow for straight r subscript 2 of plus...... plus straight m subscript straight n plus rightwards arrow for straight r subscript straight n of over denominator straight m subscript 1 plus straight m subscript 2 plus....... plus straight m subscript straight n end fraction