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Motion In Straight Line

Question
CBSEENPH11017224

A body is dropped from height h (top of cliff) and at the same moment another particle is projected upwards from the ground. Both the bodies meet at a height h/n. Find the intial velocity of projection and show that, the velocities of two bodies when they meet are in the ratio (n-2):2(-1). 



Solution

Ball A: 
Initial position of ball, x0A = h 
Initial velocity of ball, u= 0 
Acceleration, a= -g 
Therefore the position of the ball at any instant is, 
space space space space space space straight x subscript straight A space equals space straight x subscript 0 straight A end subscript plus straight u subscript straight A straight t plus 1 half straight a subscript straight A straight t to the power of 2 space end exponent
space space space space space space space space space space space equals straight h minus 1 half gt squared space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space... left parenthesis 1 right parenthesis
Ball B: 
Initial position of ball, xOB = 0
Initial velocity of ball, uB = 0
Acceleration, aB = -g
Therefore, the position of the ball at any instant is, 
xB = xOB + uBt + 1 half space straight a subscript straight B straight t squared space equals space ut space minus space 1 half gt squared       ...(3)
When the balls meet, the position of both the balls is same.
                 XA = XB 
       h - 1 half gt squared space equals space ut space minus space 1 half gt squared           ... (2) 
rightwards double arrow space space space space space straight t space equals space straight h over straight u 
Position at which the two balls meet, 
x = xA = xB = h - 1 half g space open parentheses h over u close parentheses squared 
But, x = straight h over straight n space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space left square bracket space g i v e n right square bracket
Therefore, 

space space space space space straight x space equals space straight x subscript straight A equals space straight x subscript straight B equals space straight h minus 1 half straight g open parentheses straight h over straight u close parentheses squared space
But comma space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space straight x space equals space straight h over straight n space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space open square brackets given close square brackets space

therefore space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space straight h over straight n equals straight h minus 1 half straight g open parentheses straight h over straight u close parentheses squared space

rightwards double arrow space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space straight u space equals space square root of open parentheses fraction numerator gmh over denominator 2 left parenthesis straight n minus 1 right parenthesis end fraction close parentheses end root 
Velocity of balls, when they meet i.e., at t = h/u
space space space space space space space space space space space space space space straight nu subscript straight A equals straight u subscript straight A plus straight alpha subscript straight A straight t equals negative gh over straight u
and comma space space space space space space straight nu subscript straight B equals straight u subscript straight B plus straight alpha subscript straight B straight t space equals space straight u minus gh over straight u
 
therefore space space space space space space space space straight nu subscript straight B over straight nu subscript straight A space equals space fraction numerator straight u minus begin display style gh over straight u end style over denominator negative begin display style gh over straight u end style end fraction space

space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space equals negative straight u squared over gh plus 1 space

space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space equals space minus space fraction numerator gmh over denominator 2 left parenthesis straight n minus 1 right parenthesis end fraction space 1 over gh plus 1 space

space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space equals space fraction numerator negative straight n plus 2 straight n minus 2 over denominator 2 left parenthesis straight n minus 1 right parenthesis end fraction

space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space equals space fraction numerator straight n minus 2 over denominator 2 left parenthesis straight n minus 1 right parenthesis end fraction