Explain the circumstances taking place before the fourth general elections in 1967.

Solution

The circumstances before the fourth general elections in 1967 were as explained below :

(i) Two Prime Ministers-Nehru and Shastri-had died in succession and new Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was seen as a political novice had been in office for less than a year.

(ii) There was grave economic crisis resulting from successive failure of monsoons, decline in agricultural production, food shortage, depletion of foreign exchange reserves and resources diversion.

(iii) Rupee had to be devalued under pressure from the US.

(iv)Bandhs and hartals were frequently called across the country to protest against the increase in prices of essential commodities.

(v)The communist and socialist parties launched struggles for greater equality, led armed agrarian struggles and organised peasant agitation.

(vi)Period also witnessed some of the worst Hindu-Muslim riots since Independence.

Some More Questions From Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress system Chapter

State which of these were reasons for the defeat of the Congress in 1967. Give reasons for your answer.
(a) The absence of a charismatic leader in the Congress party

(b) Split within the Congress party

(c) Increased mobilisation of regional, ethnic and communal groups

(d) Increased unity among non-Congress parties

(e) Internal differences within the Congress party

What were the factors which led to the popularity of Indira Gandhi’s Government in the early 1970s ?

What does the term ‘syndicate’ mean in the context of the Congress party of the sixties ? What role did the Syndicate play in the Congress party ?

Discuss the major issue which led to the formal split of the Congress Party in 1969.

Read the passage and answer the questions below : ... Indira Gandhi changed the Congress into highly centralised and undemocratic party organisation, from the earlier federal, democratic and ideological formation that Nehru had led.....But this ... could not have happened had not Indira Gandhi changed the entire nature of politics. This new. populist politics turned political ideology ....... into a mere electoral discourse, use of various slogans not meant to be translated into government policies ...... During its great electoral victories in early 1970s, amidst the celebration, the Congress party as a political organisation died................—Sudipta Kaviraj
(a) What according to the author is the difference between the strategies of Nehru and Indira Gandhi ?

(b) Why does the author say that the Congress party ‘died’ in the seventies ?

(c) In what way, did the change in the Congress party affect other political parties also ?

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Challenges To And Restoration Of The Congress System

Explain the circumstances taking place before the fourth general elections in 1967.

Some More Questions From Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress system Chapter

What were the factors which led to the popularity of Indira Gandhi’s Government in the early 1970s ?

What does the term ‘syndicate’ mean in the context of the Congress party of the sixties ? What role did the Syndicate play in the Congress party ?

Discuss the major issue which led to the formal split of the Congress Party in 1969.

Who said the famous slogan of ‘Jai Jawan Jai Kisan’ ?

Who started the slogan ‘garibi hatao’ ?

Which popular policy measures were taken by Indira Gandhi?

What is the full form of SVD?

How was SVD government known in Punjab and which political parties were part of it ?

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