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India’s External Relations

Question

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Describe briefly the history of India’s relations with Pakistan.

Solution

The relations were marked with conflicts and cooperation as described below :

(i) There was dispute over Kashmir immediately after the partition. This led to a proxy war.

(ii) The Kashmir conflict did not prevent cooperation between two countries. Both cooperated to restore women abducted during partition to their original families. A dispute over sharing of river waters was resolved with the signing of Indus Waters Treaty between India and Pakistan.

(iii) A war broke out in 1965 in the Rann of Kutch and Jammu and Kashmir which ended with UN intervention. India and Pakistan had signed Tashkent Agreement which was brokered by the Soviet Union.

(iv) In 1971 another war had broken out between India and Pakistan over the question of East Pakistan, where India extended moral and material support to the freedom struggle in Bagladesh. As a result of the war Bangladesh came into existence as a free country.

Some More Questions From India’s External Relations Chapter

India’s foreign policy was built around the principles of peace and cooperation. But India fought three wars in a space of ten years between 1962 and 1972. Would you say that this was a failure of the foreign policy ? Or would you say that this was a result of international situation ? Give reasons to support your answer.

Does India’s foreign policy reflect her desire to be an important regional power ? Argue your case with the Bangladesh war of 1971 as an example.

How does political leadership of a nation affect its foreign policy ? Explain this with the help of examples from India’s foreign policy.

Read this passage and answer the questions below :
“Broadly, non-alignment means not tying yourself off with military blocs... It means trying to view things, as far as possible, not from the military point of view, though that has to come in sometimes, but independently, and trying to maintain friendly relations with all countries. ” —Jawaharlal Nehru

(a) Why does Nehru want to keep off military blocs ?

(b) Do you think that the Indo-Soviet friendship treaty violated the principle of non-alignment ? Give reasons for your answer.

(c) If there were no military blocs, do you think non-alignment would have been unnecessary ?

Which concerns were reflected in India’s foreign policy after independence ?

What were the aims of India’s foreign relations ?

Which Article of the Indian Constitution lays down with foreign policy ?

What was Dr. Ambedkar's view on India’s foreign policy?

Why were Bharatiya Jana Sangh and the Swatantra Party in favour of a pro-US foreign policy ?

What is Panchsheel and by whom was it adopted ?

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