Rats were most common in the modern, newly built areas of Hanoi.
When the French set about creating a modern Vietnam, they decided to rebuild Hanoi with modern engineering skill. The French part of Hanoi was beautiful as a beutiful and clean city while the ‘Native quarter’ was not provided with any modern facilities. The refuse and filth from the old city drained straight into the river, which overflowed into the streets during heavy rain. Thus what was installed to create a hygiene enviroment became a cause of the plague. The large sewers used in modern Hanoi became the ideal breeding ground for rats. The rats moved around the city without any problem. And rats began to enter the well-cared-for homes of French through the sewage pipes.