Describe the new system of justice that was established from 1772.
From 1772 a new system of justice was established.
(i)Each district was to have two courts – a criminal court ( faujdari adalat ) and a civil court (diwani adalat).
(ii)Maulvis and Hindu pandits interpreted Indian laws for the European district collectors who presided over civil courts.
(iii)The criminal courts were still under a qazi and a mufti but under the supervision of the collectors.
(iv)To bring about uniformity, in 1775 eleven pandits were asked to compile a digest of Hindu laws. By 1778 a code of Muslim laws was also compiled for the benefit of European judges.
(v)Under the Regulating Act of 1773, a new Supreme Court was established, while a court of appeal – the Sadar Nizamat Adalat – was also set up at Calcutta.
