Plants absorb water from the soil. How does this water reach the tree tops? Explain in detail.

Transpiration is the evaporation of water from the stomata of the leaves. It is a process which causes movement of water and minerals from roots through xylem up to the top of a tall tree.

Transpiration mainly takes place through stomata in the leaves. The loss of water from the intercellular space of leaf tissue cause a drop in turgor pressure of cells. These cells in turn take water from xylem tissue. The xylem tubes act as single continuous column therefore when leaf tissues take water from xylem column there is drop in pressure at that point. Evaporation of water molecules from the cells of a leaf creates a Suction which pulls water from the xylem cells of roots. This leads to an uptake of water from the soil through roots.

The whole sequence occurs as shown below:


The whole event causes rise of water and dissolved minerals up to the top of a tall tree.