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Illustrate how is sodium bicarbonate used in a fire extinguisher.

Solution

Fig. 2.4. A soda-acid fire extinguisher.
A soda acid fire extinguisher consists of a metal container filled with a solution of sodium bicarbonate. A glass bottle kept inside the container has sulphuric acid in it. When the knob of the extinguisher is pressed, the bottle breaks. The acid comes in contact with sodium carbonate and carbon dioxide is produced.

2NaHCO₃ + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O + 2CO₂
The carbon dioxide comes out through the nozzle which is directed towards the fire. Carbon dioxide cuts off the supply of air, after which the fire gets extinguished.

Some More Questions From Control and Coordination Chapter

You are given the following solutions:

Hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄), nitric acid (HNO₃), acetic acid (CH₃COOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium hydroxide [(Ca(OH)₂], potassium hydroxide (KOH), magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)₂] and ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH). Give the colour change for each of these solutions with red litmus, blue litmus, phenolphthalein and methyl orange solutions.

Choose the olfactory indicators and give their characteristics: red cabbage extract, onion, vanilla extract, litmus, clove oil.

What do you understand by concentrated and dilute acids?

How do metals react with bases?

What is a neutralization reaction? Give some examples.

What are non-metallic oxides? Substantiate your answer.

Take 5 ml hydrochloric acid in a boiling tube or a conical flask. Add a few pieces of zinc granules to it.

(a) What do you observe on the surface of zinc granules?
(b) Name the gas evolved.
(c) What happens when the above gas is passed through soap solution?
(d) What happens when a burning candle is brought near the gas filled tube?

Name four acids and bases. Write their formulae.

Name the various kind of oxides and mention their properties.

What are acids? How are they produced?

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