Name the physical processes commonly used in laboratories, industries to separate mixtures.

The physical process commonly used in laboratories are:

(i) Evaporation. It is the process of removing water from solution by leaving in sun or heating on water bath.

(ii) Sedimentation. It is the process in which heavy solid particles are allowed to settle at the bottom of the vessel and then followed by decantation of the clear liquid.

(iii) Magnetic separation. It is the process in which magnetic substances are separated from non-magnetic substances with the help of a magnet.

(iv) Centrifugation. It is the process in which lighter suspended particles in a liquid are made to settle down by rotating the mixture at high speed.

(v) Filtration. It is the process of separating solid particles from liquid by passing the liquid mixture through a filter paper.

(vi) Crystallisation. It is the process of getting crystals of pure substance from its solution.

(vii) Sublimation. In this process a solid substance from a mixture of solids is directly converted into vapours (followed by condensation) by heating without passing through liquid state.

(viii) Distillation. It is the process in which one liquid is separated from its mixture by converting it into vapours and then cooling them.