The Demographic Structure Of The Indian Society

Question
CBSEENSO12044448

Which states in India have reached or are very near the replacement levels of population growth? Which ones still have very high rates of population growth? In your opinion, what could be some of the reasons for these regional differences?

Solution

States at the replacement levels of population growth in India are—Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Manipur, Nagaland, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab and Goa.

The states still have very high rates of population growth are—Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh.

By Replacement level, we mean giving birth to two children that replace the couple viz. Husband and wife. Kerala's total fertility rate is actually below the replacement level, i.e. 1.8 children per couple. It means that the population is going to decline in future.

The states very near the replacement levels of population growth are Himachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, west Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram.

Reasons for regional differences

(i) Socio-cultural formation and literacy are different in each state of India. There are people who still lay emphasis on reproduction of more children so that they might jump in the row of majority and secure more political interests in democracy.

(ii) Prejudices and stereotypes are also responsible for regional differences in population growth.

(iii) Lack of understanding national interest and giving preference to individual interests over national interests.

(iv) Lack of sensitivity and intelligence.

(v) Variations in the landforms. For instance, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh etc. being hilly regions, there is seen lower population growth as compared to Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh.

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