Read the following passage and answer the both questions given at its end. (Passage).
Tea industry began in India in 1851. Most of the tea gardens were situated in Assam. In 1903, the industry employed 4,79,000 permanent and 93,000 temporary employees. Since Assam was sparsely populated and the tea plantations were often located on uninhabited hillsides, bulk of the sorely needed labour had to be imported from other provinces. But to bring thousands of people every year from their far-off homes into strange lands, possessing an unhealthy climate and infected with strange fevers, required the provision of financial and other incentives, which the tea-planters of Assam were unwilling to offer. Instead, they had recourse to fraud and coercion; and they persuaded the government to aid and abet them in this unholy task by passing penal laws. ...The recruitment of labourers for tea gardens of Assam was carried on for years mostly by contractors under the provisions of the Transport of Native Labourers Act (No. Ill) of 1863 of Bengal as amended in 1865, 1870 and 1873.
A.
How were labourers recruited?
B.
The role of the colonial government and its legislations to regulate work.
A. The labourers were recruited on permanent as well as temporary basis. Bulk of the needed labour have to be imported from other provinces, outside of Assam. The outsider were provided several type of incentives financial as well as other type. |
B. The recruitment of labourers for tea gardens of Assam was carried on for years mostly by contractors under the provision of the Transport of Native Labourers Act (No. Ill) of 1863 of Bengal as amended in 1865, 1870 and 1873. |
