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Vector Algebra

Question
CBSEENMA12034152

If the median of the base of a triangle is perpendicular on the base, then prove that the triangle is an isosceles.

Solution
Let ABC be a triangle in which the median AD is perpendicular to base BC.
Take A as origin. Let straight b with rightwards arrow on top. space straight c with rightwards arrow on top be position vectors of B and C so that AB with rightwards arrow on top space space equals space straight b with rightwards arrow on top comma space space AC with rightwards arrow on top space equals space straight c with rightwards arrow on top.
Since D is mid-point of BC

therefore space space space space space  position vector of D is fraction numerator straight b with rightwards arrow on top plus straight c with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 2 end fraction
i.e.,     AD with rightwards arrow on top space equals space fraction numerator straight b with rightwards arrow on top plus straight c with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 2 end fraction
Also,     BC with rightwards arrow on top space equals space straight P. straight V. space of space straight C space minus space straight P. straight V. space of space straight B space equals space straight c with rightwards arrow on top minus straight b with rightwards arrow on top
Since   AD perpendicular BC
therefore space space space AD with rightwards arrow on top. space BC with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 0
therefore space space space space open parentheses fraction numerator straight b with rightwards arrow on top plus straight c with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 2 end fraction close parentheses. space space left parenthesis straight c with rightwards arrow on top minus straight b with rightwards arrow on top right parenthesis space equals space 0 space space space space space space rightwards double arrow space space space space space left parenthesis straight c with rightwards arrow on top plus straight b with rightwards arrow on top right parenthesis. space left parenthesis straight c with rightwards arrow on top space minus straight b with rightwards arrow on top right parenthesis space space equals space 0
rightwards double arrow space space straight c with rightwards arrow on top squared space minus space straight b with rightwards arrow on top squared space equals space 0 space space space space space space space rightwards double arrow space space space space straight c with rightwards arrow on top squared space space equals space straight b with rightwards arrow on top squared space space space rightwards double arrow space space space space open vertical bar straight c with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar squared space equals space open vertical bar straight b with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar squared
rightwards double arrow space space space AC squared space equals space AB squared space space space space space space space space space space rightwards double arrow space space space AB space equals space AC
therefore space space space increment ABC space is space an space isosceles space triangle.