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Vector Algebra

Question
CBSEENMA12034044

Show that a quadrilateral is a parallelogram if an only if diagonals bisect each other.

Solution
(i) Assume that quadrilateral ABCD is a parallelogram.
 Let straight a with rightwards arrow on top comma space straight b with rightwards arrow on top comma space straight c with rightwards arrow on top comma space straight d with rightwards arrow on top be the position vectors of A, B, C and D respectively with reference to O as the origin.
because space space ABCD space is space straight a space parallelogram
therefore space space space AB space equals space DC space and space AB thin space vertical line vertical line thin space DC
therefore space space space AB with rightwards arrow on top space equals space DC with rightwards arrow on top
therefore space space space space straight P. straight V. space of space straight B space minus space straight P. straight V. space of space straight A
space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space equals space straight P. straight V. space of space straight C space minus space straight P. straight V. space of space straight D
therefore space space space space space straight b with rightwards arrow on top space minus space straight a with rightwards arrow on top space equals space straight c with rightwards arrow on top space minus straight d with rightwards arrow on top
therefore space space space straight b with rightwards arrow on top plus straight d with rightwards arrow on top space equals space straight a with rightwards arrow on top plus straight c with rightwards arrow on top
therefore space space space space equals space fraction numerator straight b with rightwards arrow on top plus straight d with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 2 end fraction space equals fraction numerator straight a with rightwards arrow on top plus straight c with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 2 end fraction

∴ P.V. of mid-point of diagonal BD = P.V. of mid-point of diagonal AC.
∴ diagonal AC and BD bisect each other.
(ii) Assume that the diagonals AC and BD of the quadrilateral bisect each other.
∴   P.V. of mid-point of diagonal BD = P.V. of mid-point of diagonal AC.
therefore space space fraction numerator straight b with rightwards arrow on top plus straight d with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 2 end fraction space equals space fraction numerator straight a with rightwards arrow on top plus straight c with rightwards arrow on top over denominator 2 end fraction
therefore space space space space straight b with rightwards arrow on top space plus space straight d with rightwards arrow on top space equals space straight a with rightwards arrow on top space plus space straight c with rightwards arrow on top
therefore space space space space straight b with rightwards arrow on top space minus space straight a with rightwards arrow on top space equals space straight c with rightwards arrow on top space minus space straight d with rightwards arrow on top
therefore space space space space OB with rightwards arrow on top space minus space OA with rightwards arrow on top space equals space OC with rightwards arrow on top space minus space OD with rightwards arrow on top
therefore space space space space space AB with rightwards arrow on top space equals space DC with rightwards arrow on top
therefore space space space AB space equals space DC space and space AB thin space vertical line vertical line thin space DC
therefore space space space ABCD space is space straight a space parallelogram