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Vector Algebra

Question
CBSEENMA12032756

Find the area of the region enclosed between the two circles x2 + y2 = 1 and open parentheses straight x minus 1 half close parentheses squared plus straight y squared space equals space 1.

Solution
The equations of two circles are
x2 + y2 = 1    ...(1)
and open parentheses straight x minus 1 half close parentheses squared plus straight y squared space equals space 1    ...(2)
Centre of circle (1) is O(0, 0) and radius OA = 1
 Centre of circle (2) is straight B open parentheses 1 half comma space 0 close parentheses and radius CB = 1
Subtraction (1) from (2), we get,
                      negative straight x plus 1 fourth space equals space 0 space space space space space rightwards double arrow space space space straight x space equals space 1 fourth
Putting straight x space equals space 1 fourth in (1), we get,
                      1 over 16 plus straight y squared space equals space 1 space space or space space straight y squared space equals space 15 over 16 space space space space rightwards double arrow space space space space straight y space equals space plus-or-minus fraction numerator square root of 15 over denominator 4 end fraction
therefore points of intersection of circles (1) and (2) are straight P open parentheses 1 fourth comma space fraction numerator square root of 15 over denominator 4 end fraction close parentheses and straight Q space open parentheses 1 fourth comma space minus fraction numerator square root of 15 over denominator 2 end fraction close parentheses
Required area = Area of region APCQA
               = 2[area of region APCA] = [area of region CMPC + area of region MAPM]
                  
equals space 2 open square brackets integral subscript negative 1 divided by 2 end subscript superscript 1 divided by 4 end superscript square root of 1 minus open parentheses straight x minus 1 half close parentheses squared end root dx space plus space integral subscript 1 divided by 4 end subscript superscript 1 space square root of 1 minus straight x squared end root dx close square brackets
equals space 2 open square brackets fraction numerator open parentheses straight x minus begin display style 1 half end style close parentheses space square root of 1 minus open parentheses straight x minus begin display style 1 half end style close parentheses squared end root over denominator 2 end fraction plus 1 half sin to the power of negative 1 end exponent open parentheses straight x minus 1 half close parentheses close square brackets subscript fraction numerator negative 1 over denominator 2 end fraction end subscript superscript 1 fourth end superscript plus 2 open square brackets fraction numerator straight x square root of 1 minus straight x squared end root over denominator 2 end fraction plus 1 half sin to the power of negative 1 end exponent straight x close square brackets subscript 1 fourth end subscript superscript 1
equals space open square brackets open parentheses straight x minus 1 half close parentheses square root of 1 minus open parentheses straight x minus 1 half close parentheses squared end root plus sin to the power of negative 1 end exponent open parentheses straight x minus 1 half close parentheses close square brackets subscript negative 1 half end subscript superscript 1 fourth end superscript plus open square brackets straight x square root of 1 minus straight x squared end root plus sin to the power of negative 1 end exponent straight x close square brackets subscript 1 fourth end subscript superscript 1
equals space open square brackets open curly brackets negative 1 fourth square root of 1 minus 1 over 16 end root plus sin to the power of negative 1 end exponent open parentheses negative 1 fourth close parentheses close curly brackets minus open curly brackets 0 plus sin to the power of negative 1 end exponent left parenthesis negative 1 right parenthesis close curly brackets close square brackets
                                                                              plus open square brackets left parenthesis 0 plus sin to the power of negative 1 end exponent 1 right parenthesis space minus space open parentheses 1 fourth fraction numerator square root of 15 over denominator 4 end fraction plus sin to the power of negative 1 end exponent 1 fourth close parentheses close square brackets
equals space open square brackets negative 1 fourth cross times fraction numerator square root of 15 over denominator 4 end fraction minus sin to the power of negative 1 end exponent 1 fourth minus open parentheses negative straight pi over 2 close parentheses close square brackets plus open square brackets straight pi over 2 minus fraction numerator square root of 15 over denominator 16 end fraction minus sin to the power of negative 1 end exponent 1 fourth close square brackets
equals space open parentheses negative fraction numerator square root of 15 over denominator 16 end fraction minus sin to the power of negative 1 end exponent 1 fourth plus straight pi over 2 close parentheses plus open parentheses negative fraction numerator square root of 15 over denominator 16 end fraction minus sin to the power of negative 1 end exponent 1 fourth plus straight pi over 2 close parentheses space equals 2 open parentheses negative fraction numerator square root of 15 over denominator 16 end fraction minus sin to the power of negative 1 end exponent 1 fourth plus straight pi over 2 close parentheses
equals space open parentheses negative fraction numerator square root of 15 over denominator 8 end fraction minus 2 space sin to the power of negative 1 end exponent 1 fourth plus straight pi close parentheses space sq. space units. space

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