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Vector Algebra

Question
CBSEENMA12032739

Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the triangle whose vertices are (-1, 1), (0, 5) and (3, 2).

Solution

Let A(-1, 1),  B(0, 5), C(3, 2) be the vertices of the given triangle.
The equation of AB is
         straight y minus 1 space equals space fraction numerator 5 minus 1 over denominator 0 plus 1 end fraction left parenthesis straight x plus 1 right parenthesis comma space space or space space straight y space minus space 1 space equals space 4 space left parenthesis straight x plus 1 right parenthesis
or   y = 4x + 5                       ...(1)
     The equation of BC is
       straight y minus 5 space equals space fraction numerator 2 minus 5 over denominator 3 minus 0 end fraction left parenthesis straight x minus 0 right parenthesis comma space space space or space straight y space minus 5 space equals space minus left parenthesis straight x minus 0 right parenthesis
 
or     straight y space equals space minus straight x plus 5                 ...(2)
     The equation of CA is
               straight y minus 2 space equals space fraction numerator 1 minus 2 over denominator negative 1 minus 3 end fraction left parenthesis straight x minus 3 right parenthesis comma space or space space straight y minus 2 space equals space 1 fourth left parenthesis straight x minus 3 right parenthesis
or            straight y space equals space straight x over 4 plus 5 over 4
Required area = Area of ∆ ABC
= Area of region AMOB + area of region BONC - area of region AMNC
equals space integral subscript negative 1 end subscript superscript 0 left parenthesis 4 straight x plus 5 right parenthesis space dx space plus space integral subscript 0 superscript 3 left parenthesis negative straight x plus 5 right parenthesis space dx space minus space integral subscript negative 1 end subscript superscript 3 open parentheses straight x over 4 plus 5 over 4 close parentheses space dx
equals space open square brackets 2 straight x squared plus 5 straight x close square brackets subscript 1 superscript 0 space plus open square brackets negative straight x squared over 2 plus 5 straight x close square brackets subscript 0 superscript 3 space minus space open square brackets straight x squared over 8 plus fraction numerator 5 straight x over denominator 4 end fraction close square brackets subscript negative 1 end subscript superscript 3
equals space open square brackets left parenthesis 0 plus 0 right parenthesis space minus space left parenthesis 2 minus 5 right parenthesis close square brackets space plus space open square brackets open parentheses negative 9 over 2 plus 15 close parentheses minus left parenthesis 0 plus 0 right parenthesis close square brackets space minus space open square brackets open parentheses 9 over 8 plus 15 over 4 close parentheses minus open parentheses 1 over 8 minus 5 over 4 close parentheses close square brackets
equals space 3 plus 21 over 2 minus 39 over 8 minus 9 over 8 space equals space fraction numerator 24 plus 84 minus 39 minus 9 over denominator 8 end fraction equals 60 over 8 equals 15 over 2 equals 7 1 half space sq. space units

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