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Probability

Question
CBSEENMA12033753

Bag A contains 2 white and 3 red balls and bag B contains 4 white and 5 red balls. One ball is drawn at random from one of the bags and it is found to be red. Find the probability that it was drawn from the bag B.

Solution

Let E1 and E2 be the events of the ball being drawn from bag A and bag B respectively and E be the event that the drawn ball is red.
Since both the bags are equally likely to be selected i.e., E1 and E2 are mutually exclusive and exhaustive events.
                  therefore space space space straight P left parenthesis straight E subscript 1 right parenthesis space equals space 1 half comma space space space space straight P left parenthesis straight E subscript 2 right parenthesis space equals space 1 half
straight P left parenthesis straight E divided by straight E subscript 1 right parenthesis space equals space Prob. space of space drawing space straight a space red space ball space from space bag space straight A space equals space 3 over 5
straight P left parenthesis straight E divided by straight E subscript 2 right parenthesis space equals space Prob. space of space drawing space straight a space red space ball space from space bag space straight B space equals space 5 over 9
therefore space space space space space straight P left parenthesis straight E subscript 2 vertical line straight E right parenthesis space equals space fraction numerator straight P left parenthesis straight E subscript 2 right parenthesis. space space straight P left parenthesis straight E space vertical line space straight E subscript 2 right parenthesis over denominator straight P left parenthesis straight E subscript 1 right parenthesis. space straight P left parenthesis straight E space vertical line thin space straight E subscript 1 right parenthesis space plus space straight P left parenthesis straight E subscript 2 right parenthesis. space straight P left parenthesis straight E space vertical line thin space straight E subscript 2 right parenthesis end fraction
space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space equals space fraction numerator begin display style 1 half end style cross times begin display style 5 over 9 end style over denominator begin display style 1 half end style cross times begin display style 3 over 5 end style plus begin display style 1 half end style cross times begin display style 5 over 9 end style end fraction space equals space fraction numerator begin display style 5 over 9 end style over denominator begin display style 3 over 5 end style plus begin display style 5 over 9 end style end fraction space equals space fraction numerator begin display style 5 over 9 end style over denominator begin display style fraction numerator 27 plus 25 over denominator 45 end fraction end style end fraction equals space fraction numerator begin display style 5 over 9 end style over denominator begin display style 52 over 45 end style end fraction
space space space space space space space space equals space 5 over 9 cross times 45 over 52 space equals 25 over 52.

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