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Probability

Question
CBSEENMA12033716

The probability of A solving a problem is 3 over 7 and that of B solving it is 1 third. What is the probability that
(i)    at least one of them will solve the problem?
(ii)    Only one of them will solve the problem?

Solution
Let E denote the event ‘A solves the problem’ and F denote the event ‘B solves the problem’.
therefore space space space space space space space straight P left parenthesis straight E right parenthesis space equals space 3 over 7 comma space space space straight P left parenthesis straight F right parenthesis space equals space 1 third
therefore space space space space space space space straight P left parenthesis straight E with bar on top right parenthesis space equals space 1 space minus space straight P left parenthesis straight E right parenthesis space equals space 1 minus 3 over 7 space equals 4 over 7
space space space space space space space space space space space straight P left parenthesis straight F with bar on top right parenthesis space equals space 1 space space minus space straight P left parenthesis straight F right parenthesis space equals space 1 minus 1 third space equals 2 over 3
(i) P(none of them solves the problem) = straight P space open parentheses straight E with rightwards arrow on top space and space straight F with rightwards arrow on top close parentheses
                           equals space straight P open parentheses straight E with rightwards arrow on top close parentheses space cross times space straight P open parentheses straight F with rightwards arrow on top close parentheses space equals space 4 over 7 cross times 2 over 3 space equals 8 over 21.
therefore space space space space space space straight P left parenthesis at space leastl space one space of space them space solves space the space problem right parenthesis
                               equals space 1 space minus straight P left parenthesis none space of space them space solves space the space problem right parenthesis
space equals space 1 minus 8 over 21 space equals 13 over 21
(ii) P(only one solves the problem) = straight P open parentheses apostrophe straight E space and space straight F with bar on top apostrophe space or space apostrophe straight E with bar on top space and space straight F apostrophe close parentheses
                            equals space straight P left parenthesis straight E space and space straight F with bar on top right parenthesis space plus space open parentheses straight E with bar on top space and space straight F with bar on top close parentheses
equals space straight P left parenthesis straight E right parenthesis thin space straight P space open parentheses straight F with bar on top close parentheses space plus space straight P space open parentheses straight E with bar on top close parentheses space space straight P left parenthesis straight F right parenthesis
space equals space 3 over 7 cross times 2 over 3 plus 4 over 7 cross times 1 third space equals 6 over 21 plus 4 over 21 space equals 10 over 21
          

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