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Three Dimensional Geometry

Question
CBSEENMA12033348

Determine whether the following pair of lines intersect:
           straight r with space rightwards arrow on top space equals space straight i with hat on top space plus space straight j with hat on top space minus space straight k with hat on top space plus space straight lambda left parenthesis 3 space straight i with hat on top space minus space straight j with hat on top right parenthesis
and       straight r with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 4 space straight i with hat on top space minus space straight k with hat on top space plus space straight mu space left parenthesis 2 straight i with hat on top space plus space 3 space stack straight k right parenthesis with hat on top


Solution

The equations of two lines are
             straight r with space rightwards arrow on top space equals space straight i with hat on top space plus space straight j with hat on top space minus space straight k with hat on top space plus space straight lambda left parenthesis 3 space straight i with hat on top space minus space straight j with hat on top right parenthesis                               ...(1)
and        straight r with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 4 space straight i with hat on top space minus space straight k with hat on top space plus space straight mu space open parentheses 2 straight i with hat on top space plus space 3 space straight k with hat on top close parentheses                               ...(2)
Comparing these equations with
         straight r with rightwards arrow on top space equals space stack straight a subscript 1 with rightwards arrow on top space plus space straight lambda space stack straight b subscript 1 with rightwards arrow on top space and space straight r with rightwards arrow on top space equals space stack straight a subscript 2 with rightwards arrow on top space plus space straight mu space stack straight b subscript 2 with rightwards arrow on top comma space space we space get comma
stack straight a subscript 1 with rightwards arrow on top space equals space straight i with hat on top space plus space straight j with hat on top space minus space straight k with hat on top comma space space stack straight b subscript 1 with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 3 space straight i with hat on top space minus space straight j with hat on top comma space space space stack straight a subscript 2 with rightwards arrow on top space space equals space 4 space straight i with hat on top space minus space straight k with hat on top comma space space stack straight b subscript 2 with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 2 straight i with hat on top space plus space 3 space straight k with hat on top
Let S be points on line (1) with position vector stack straight a subscript 1 with rightwards arrow on top and T be point on line (2) with position vector stack straight a subscript 2 with rightwards arrow on top so that

          ST with rightwards arrow on top space equals space stack straight a subscript 2 with rightwards arrow on top space space minus space stack straight a subscript 1 with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 3 space straight i with hat on top space minus space straight j with hat on top
stack straight b subscript 1 with rightwards arrow on top space cross times stack straight b subscript 2 with rightwards arrow on top space equals space open vertical bar table row cell straight i with hat on top end cell cell straight j with hat on top end cell cell straight k with hat on top end cell row 3 cell negative 1 end cell 0 row 2 0 3 end table close vertical bar
                equals left parenthesis negative 3 minus 0 right parenthesis space straight i with hat on top space minus space left parenthesis 9 minus 0 right parenthesis space straight j with hat on top space plus space left parenthesis 0 plus 2 right parenthesis space straight k with hat on top space equals space minus 3 space straight i with hat on top space minus space 9 space straight j with hat on top space plus space 2 space straight k with hat on top
therefore       open vertical bar stack straight b subscript 1 with rightwards arrow on top cross times stack straight b subscript 2 with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar space equals space square root of 9 plus 81 plus 4 end root space equals space square root of 94
Let PQ with rightwards arrow on top be the S.D. vector between given lines. Therefore, it is parallel to stack straight b subscript 1 with rightwards arrow on top cross times stack straight b subscript 2 with rightwards arrow on top.
If straight n with rightwards arrow on top is a unit vector along PQ with rightwards arrow on top, then 
               straight n with rightwards arrow on top space equals space fraction numerator stack straight b subscript 1 with rightwards arrow on top cross times stack straight b subscript 2 with rightwards arrow on top over denominator open vertical bar stack straight b subscript 1 with rightwards arrow on top cross times stack straight b subscript 2 with rightwards arrow on top close vertical bar end fraction space equals space fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of 94 end fraction space left parenthesis negative space 3 space straight i with hat on top space minus space space 9 space straight j with hat on top space plus space 2 space straight k with hat on top right parenthesis
Now S.D. = Projection of ST with rightwards arrow on top on PQ with rightwards arrow on top = Projection of ST with rightwards arrow on top on straight n with rightwards arrow on top = ST with rightwards arrow on top. space straight n with rightwards arrow on top
                 equals space left parenthesis 3 space straight i with hat on top space minus space straight j with hat on top right parenthesis. space fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of 94 end fraction left parenthesis negative 3 space straight i with hat on top space minus space 9 space straight j with hat on top space plus space 2 space straight k with hat on top right parenthesis space equals space fraction numerator 1 over denominator square root of 94 end fraction left parenthesis negative 9 plus 9 plus 0 right parenthesis space equals space 0
∴ given lines interesect.