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Three Dimensional Geometry

Question
CBSEENMA12033282

A line passes through the point with position vector 2 space straight i with hat on top space minus space straight j with hat on top space plus space 4 space straight k with hat on top and is in direction straight i with hat on top space plus space straight j with hat on top space minus space 2 space straight k with hat on top. Find equations for the line in vector and in cartesian form .

Solution

Here straight a with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 2 space straight i with hat on top space minus space straight j with hat on top space space plus space 4 space straight k with hat on top comma space space space straight m with rightwards arrow on top space equals space straight i with hat on top space plus space straight j with hat on top space minus space 2 space straight k with hat on top
Let straight r with rightwards arrow on top be the position vector of any point P (x, y, z) on the line
∴    the vector equation of line is straight r with rightwards arrow on top space equals space straight a with rightwards arrow on top space plus space straight lambda space straight m with rightwards arrow on top
or         straight r with rightwards arrow on top space equals space open parentheses 2 straight i with hat on top space minus space straight j with hat on top space plus space 4 space straight k with hat on top close parentheses space plus space straight lambda space open parentheses straight i with hat on top space plus space straight j with hat on top space minus space 2 space straight k with hat on top close parentheses
This equation can be written as
    straight x space straight i with hat on top space plus space straight y space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight z space straight k with hat on top space equals space left parenthesis 2 plus straight lambda right parenthesis space straight i with hat on top space plus space left parenthesis negative 1 plus space straight lambda right parenthesis space straight j with hat on top space plus space left parenthesis 4 minus 2 space straight lambda right parenthesis space straight k with hat on top
Comparing coefficients of straight i with hat on top comma space straight j with hat on top comma space straight k with hat on top comma we get,
                   straight x space equals space 2 space plus space straight lambda comma space space space straight y space equals space minus 1 plus straight lambda comma space space straight z space equals space 4 minus 2 space straight lambda
rightwards double arrow space                straight x minus 2 space equals space straight lambda comma space space space straight y plus 1 space equals space straight lambda comma space space space fraction numerator straight z minus 4 over denominator negative 2 end fraction space equals space straight lambda
Equationing values of λ, we get,  fraction numerator straight x minus 2 over denominator 1 end fraction space equals space fraction numerator straight y plus 1 over denominator 1 end fraction space equals space fraction numerator straight z minus 4 over denominator negative 2 end fraction
which are cartesian equations of the line.

Some More Questions From Three Dimensional Geometry Chapter

Find the direction cosines of x, y and z-axis.