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Three Dimensional Geometry

Question
CBSEENMA12033279

Find the vector equation of a line passing through a point with position vector 2 straight i with hat on top space minus space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight k with hat on top and parallel to the line joining the points with position vectors negative straight i with hat on top space plus space 4 space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight k with hat on top and straight i with hat on top space plus space 2 space straight j with hat on top space plus space 2 space straight k with hat on top. Also, find the cartesian equivalent of this equations. 

Solution

Let straight a with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 2 space straight i with hat on top space minus space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight k with hat on top comma space space minus space straight i with hat on top space plus space 4 space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight k with hat on top space space space and space straight i with hat on top space plus space 2 space straight j with hat on top space plus space 2 space straight k with hat on top be the position vectors of A, B, and C respectively.
Now,    straight b with rightwards arrow on top space equals space BC with rightwards arrow on top space equals space straight P. straight V. space of space straight C space minus space straight P. straight V. space of space straight B
                  equals space open parentheses straight i with hat on top space plus space 2 space straight j with hat on top space plus space 2 space straight k with hat on top close parentheses space minus space open parentheses negative straight i with hat on top space plus space 4 space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight k with hat on top close parentheses space equals space 2 space straight i with hat on top space minus space 2 space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight k with hat on top
The vector equation of line through A open parentheses straight a with rightwards arrow on top close parentheses and parallel to vector straight b with rightwards arrow on top is
             straight r with rightwards arrow on top space equals space stack straight a space with rightwards arrow on top plus space straight lambda space straight b with rightwards arrow on top
or           straight r with rightwards arrow on top space equals space open parentheses 2 space straight i with hat on top space minus space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight k with hat on top close parentheses space plus space straight lambda space space left parenthesis 2 straight i with hat on top space minus space 2 space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight k with hat on top right parenthesis
Now taking straight r with rightwards arrow on top space equals space straight x space straight i with hat on top space plus space straight y space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight z space straight k with hat on top comma space the equation of line is
                      straight x space straight i with hat on top space plus space straight y space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight z space straight k with hat on top space equals space open parentheses 2 space straight i with hat on top space minus space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight k with hat on top close parentheses space plus space straight lambda space open parentheses 2 space straight i with hat on top space minus space 2 space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight k with hat on top close parentheses
or          straight x straight i with hat on top space plus space straight y space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight z space straight k with hat on top space equals space left parenthesis 2 straight lambda space plus space 2 right parenthesis space straight i with hat on top space minus space left parenthesis 2 straight lambda space plus space 1 right parenthesis space straight j with hat on top space plus space left parenthesis straight lambda plus 1 right parenthesis space straight k with hat on top
Comparing the coefficients of x, y, z, we get,
                               straight x space equals space 2 space straight lambda space space plus space 2 comma space space space space straight y space equals space minus left parenthesis 2 straight lambda plus 1 right parenthesis comma space space straight z space equals space straight lambda plus 1
rightwards double arrow         fraction numerator straight x minus 2 over denominator 2 end fraction space equals space fraction numerator straight y plus 1 over denominator negative 2 end fraction space equals space fraction numerator straight z minus 1 over denominator 1 end fraction left parenthesis space equals space straight lambda right parenthesis
which is cartesian equation of line.