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Three Dimensional Geometry

Question
CBSEENMA12033277

Find the coordinates of the point where the line through A(3, 4, 1) and B (5, 1, 6) crosses the x y-plane.

Solution
The line passes through the points A (3, 4, 1) and B (5, 1, 6)
therefore space space space space straight a with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 3 space straight i with hat on top space plus space 4 space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight k with hat on top comma space space space straight b with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 5 space straight i with hat on top space plus space straight j with hat on top space plus space 6 space straight k with hat on top
where straight a with rightwards arrow on top comma space straight b with rightwards arrow on top are position vectors of A, B respectively.
 therefore space space space space straight b with rightwards arrow on top space minus space straight a with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 2 space straight i with hat on top space minus space 3 space straight j with hat on top space plus space 5 space straight k with hat on top
Let straight r with rightwards arrow on top be the position vector of any point on the given line.
∴    the vector equation of the line is
                 straight r with rightwards arrow on top space equals space straight a with rightwards arrow on top space plus space straight lambda thin space left parenthesis straight b with rightwards arrow on top minus straight a with rightwards arrow on top right parenthesis
or              straight r with rightwards arrow on top space equals space 3 space straight i with hat on top space plus space 4 space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight k with hat on top space plus space straight lambda space left parenthesis 2 space straight i with hat on top space minus space 3 space straight j with hat on top space plus space 5 space straight k with hat on top right parenthesis                 ...(1)
Let P (x, y, 0) be the point where the line AB crosses the x y-plane. Now P lies on (1)
therefore space space space straight x space straight i with hat on top space plus space straight y space straight j with hat on top space space lies space on space left parenthesis 1 right parenthesis
therefore space space space straight x space straight i with hat on top space plus space straight y space straight j with hat on top space equals space 3 space straight i with hat on top space plus space 4 space straight j with hat on top space plus space straight k with hat on top space plus space straight lambda left parenthesis 2 straight i with hat on top space minus space 3 space straight j with hat on top space plus space 5 space straight k with hat on top right parenthesis
therefore space space space space straight x space straight i with hat on top space plus space straight y space straight j with hat on top space equals space left parenthesis 3 plus 2 space straight lambda right parenthesis space straight i with hat on top space plus space left parenthesis 4 minus 3 space straight lambda right parenthesis space straight j with hat on top space plus space left parenthesis 1 plus 5 space straight lambda right parenthesis space straight k with hat on top space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space
therefore                                 straight x space equals space 3 plus 2 space straight lambda                                                    ...(2)
                                     straight y space equals 4 minus 3 straight lambda                                                       ...(3)
                                      0 space equals space 1 plus 5 space straight lambda                                                    ...(4)
From (4),   5 space straight lambda space equals space minus 1 space space space space space or space space space space space straight lambda space equals space minus 1 fifth
From (2),        straight x space equals space 3 minus 2 over 5 space equals space 13 over 5
From (3),     straight y space equals 4 plus 3 over 5 space equals space 23 over 5
therefore point is  open parentheses 13 over 5 comma space 23 over 5 comma space 0 close parentheses