Read the following excerpts and answer the Questions that follow:
Ambedkar on separate electorates
In response to Mahatma Gandhi’s opposition to the demand for separate electorates for the Depressed Classes, Ambedkar wrote:
Here is a class which is undoubtedly not in a position to sustain itself in the struggle for existence. The religion, to which they are tied, instead of providing them an honourable place, brands them as lepers, not fit for ordinary intercourse. Economically, it is a class entirely dependent upon the high-caste Hindus for earning its daily bread with no independent way of living open to it. Nor are all ways closed by reason of the social prejudices of the Hindus but there is a definite attempt all through our Hindu Society to bolt every possible door so as not to allow the Depressed Classes any opportunity to rise in the scale of life.
In these circumstances,it would be granted by all fair-minded persons that as the only path for a community so handicapped to succeed in the struggle for life against organised tyranny, some share of political power in order that it may protect itself is a paramount necessity.
(i) Examine the arguments given in favour of separate electorates for depressed classes, by Dr. Ambedkar and give your reactions.
(ii) Describe the position of economically depressed classes.
(iii) Suggest some other ways to provide an honourable position to depressed classes.
(i) Dr. Ambedkar felt that separate electorates were essential to protect the depressed classes from the tyranny of the upper castes and give them the much needed social status.
(ii) Society used the labour and services of the depressed classes but kept them at a social distance. They were not allowed entry into temples. Intermixing and inter-dining with other castes was not allowed. They had no access to education.
(iii) Education should be made free for them so that they can compete equally with other castes. They should be given access to public places.
