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Thinkers, Beliefs And Buildings

Question
CBSEENHS12027882
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What are the basic differences between the principles of the Buddhistic sects of Mahayanism and Hinayanism?

Solution

The differences are:


Mahayana
(i) They treated Lord Buddha as a deity and worshipped his idol.

(ii) They over stressed belief and devotion.

(iii) They used Sanskrit.

(iv) They thought it essential to follow the religious rules to attain the objective of life.

(v) The word meaning of Mahayana is the greater yana (or bigger ship). The sect believes that everybody should care for his own ‘nirvana’ as well as for the salvation of others.

Hinayana

(i) They treated the Lord Buddha as a symbol of idealism and purity.

(ii) They believed the religious teachings only after getting it confirmed on the basis of debate.

(iii) Their entire literature was in Pali language.
(iv) They stressed pure and good conduct to attain the objective of life.
(v) The word meaning of Hinayana is the lesser yana (or shorter ship). The followers of this sect believe that everybody should care only for his own ‘nirvana’ or salvation because this philosophical thought is concerned to every person individually.
 

Some More Questions From Thinkers, Beliefs And Buildings Chapter

What does the motif of a woman, surrounded by lotuses and elephants, depict? State the two opinions.

State the social groups from which the followers of Buddha came.

Discuss the contents of Jatakas. What do they depict?

Describe how in the case of Vaishnavism, cults developed around the various avatars of the deity.

“Buddhism grew rapidly both during the life time of the Buddha and also after his death.” Justify the statement.

Explain the variety of sources used by the historians to reconstruct histories of religious traditions.

Were the ideas of the Upanishadic thinkers different from those of the fatalists and materialists? Give reasons for your answer.

Summarise the central teachings of Jainism.

Discuss the role of the begums of Bhopal in preserving the stupa at Sanchi.

Or

“The Begums of Bhopal played a significant role in preserving the remains of stupa at Sanchi.” Support this statement with suitable evidence.

Read this short inscription and answer the questions that follow:

In the year 33 of the maharaja Huvishka (a Kushana ruler), in the first month of the hot season on the eighth day, a Bodhisatta was set up at Madhuvanaka by the bhikkhuni Dhanavati, the sister’s daughter of the bhikkhuni Buddhamita, who knows the Tipitaka, the female pupil of the bhikkhu Bala, who knows the Tipitaka, together with her father and mother.

A. How did Dhanavati date her inscription?

B. Why do you think she installed an image of the Bodhisatta?

C. Who were the relatives she mentioned?

D. What Buddhist text did she know?

E From whom did she learn this text?

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