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An Imperial Capital : Vijayanagara

Question
CBSEENHS12027313

Discuss in brief how the different scholars/historians have analysed and interpretrated different buildings (structures) of the Vijayanagara Empire.

Solution

The interpretation given by different historians/scholars about the buildings of Vijayanagara Empire is as follow:

(i) The Italian traveller Nicolo Conti travelled through Vijayanagara in 1426. He writes about Hampi that the circumference of the city sixty miles, its walls extended to the hills and cover the valley below.

(ii) Persian traveller Abdur Razzaq, came to India in 1443 (during the time of Deva Ray II) gives very impressive description of city of Vijayanagara. He wrote that Vijayanagara was an unprecedented city, the life of which was neither ever heard or seen in the whole word. This city is built in such a way that its seven guarding fort gates are built within each other. In the city there is a separate market place of every occupation. The royal palace is very vast.

(iii)    Domingo Paes, a Portuguese traveller had described Vijayanagara was most prosperous city having vast granaries of rice, wheat etc. The markets and even road side of the city were full of innumerable things.

(iv)    Barbosa and another Portuguese travellers and writers came to India in 1516. He described Vijayanagara as a densely populated city. According to him city was a great centre of foreign trade.

Some More Questions From An Imperial Capital : Vijayanagara Chapter

What do you think was the significance of the rituals associated with the Mahanavami dibba?

Fig. 7.33 is an illustration of another pillar from the Virupaksha temple. Do you notice any floral motifs? What are the animals shown? Why do you think they are depicted? Describe the human figures shown.

Discuss whether the term “royal centre” is an appropriate description for the part of the city for which it is used

What does the architecture of buildings like the Lotus Mahal and elephant stables tell us about the rulers who commissioned them?

What are the architectural traditions that inspired the architects of Vijayanagara? How did they transform these traditions?

What impression of the lives of the ordinary people of Vijayanagara can you cull from the various descriptions in the chapter?

On an outline map of the world, mark approximately Italy, Portugal, Iran and Russia.Trace the routes the travellers mentioned on p.176 would have taken to reach Vijayanagara.

Find out more about any one of the major cities which flourished in the subcontinent during c. fourteenth-seventeenth centuries. Describe the
architecture of the city. Are there any features to suggest that these were political centres? Are there buildings that were ritually significant? Is there
an area for commercial activities? What are the features that distinguish the urban layout from that of surrounding areas?

Visit a religious building in your neighbourhood. Describe, with sketches, its roof, pillars and arches if any, corridors, passages, halls, entrance, water supply, etc. Compare these features with those of the Virupaksha temple. Describe what each part of the building is used for. Find out about its history.

Give a brief description of Lotus Mahal, situated in the Royal Centre in the Vijayanagara empire.