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Question
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What were the steps taken by Gandhi to solve the problem of social and cultural backwardness in the Champaran villages?

Or

Why was Gandhi never contented with large political or economic solutions while he was in Champaran district?

Solution

Whenever Gandhi had ‘conflict of duties’ he always preferred to render the greater ‘humanitarian and national service’. In obedience to the higher law of human being, he obeyed the voice of his conscience.

In everything Gandhi tried to mould a new free Indian, who could stand on his own feet and thus make India free. He saw the cultural and social backwardness in the Champaran villages. In order to educate them he made an appeal for teachers. His two new young pupils Mahadev Desai, Narhari Parikh and their wives offered to work. Several more teachers came from Bombay, Poona and other distant parts of India. His youngest son Devdas and Mrs. Gandhi (Kasturba) also arrived from the ashram.

Primary schools were opened in six villages to teach children. Kasturba taught the ashram rules on personal cleanliness and community sanitation. In order to improve the miserable health conditions Gandhi got a doctor. He volunteered his services for six months.

Kasturba talked to the women to get rid of their filthy state of clothes. During his long stay at Champaran, Gandhi kept a long distance watch on the ashram financial accounts and the general keep-up. He taught people self-reliance and freedom from the fear of the British. Thus, he paved a path for the freedom of India.

Some More Questions From Indigo Chapter

List the places that Gandhi visited between his first meeting with Shukla and his arrival at Champaran.

What did the peasants pay the British landlords as rent? What did the British now want instead and why? What would be the impact of synthetic indigo on the prices of natural indigo?

The events in this part of the text illustrate Gandhi’s method of working. Can you identify some instances of this method and link them to his ideas of satyagraha and non-violence?

Why did Gandhi agree to a settlement of 25 per cent refund to the farmers?

How did the episode change the plight of the peasants?

Why do you think Gandhi considered the Champaran episode to be a turning-point in his life?

How was Gandhi able to influence lawyers? Give instances.

What was the attitude of the average Indian in smaller localities towards advocates of ‘home-rule’?

How do we know that ordinary people too contributed to the freedom movement?

“Freedom from fear is more important than legal justice for the poor.”

Do you think that the poor of India are free from fear after Independence?

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