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Human Reproduction

Question
CBSEENBI12001832
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Describe the roles of pituitary and ovarian hormones during the menstrual cycle in a human female.

Solution
Menstrual cycle is the reproductive cycle in all primates and begins at puberty (menarche). In human females, menstruation occurs once in a month (in about 28 to 29 days). The cycle of events, starting from one menstruation till the next is called the menstrual cycle. Following are the changes that are brought about by ovarian and pituitary hormones.


  • The cycle starts with the menstrual phase, where the menstruation occurs. This is followed by the follicular phase. In this phase, the primary follicles mature into the Graafian follicles and the release of gonadotropins (LH and FSH) also increases. This causes follicular growth and the growing follicles produce oestrogen.
  • The LH and FSH are at their peak in the middle of the cycle (14th day) and cause the rupture of the Graafian follicles to release the ovum. This phase is called the ovulatory phase.
  • The remains of the Graafian follicles get converted into the corpus luteum that secretes progesterone for the maintenance of the endometrium.
  • In the absence of fertilisation, the corpus luteum degenerates; thereby, causing the disintegration of the endometrium and the start of a new cycle.

Some More Questions From Human Reproduction Chapter

Ovulation takes place :

Which of the following shows hermaphroditism and self fertilization ?

The chromosone in primary spermatocyte are :

The male reproductive system is located in the body, in the :

Sertoli cells provide :

The middle piece of human sperm contains :

Seminiferous tubules open into vasa efferentia through :

Polar bodies are produced during the process :

In 28 days woman's menstrual cycle, ovulation occurs on :

Scrotum communicates with abdominal cavity through :

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