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Environmental Issues

Question

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Why does ozone hole form over Antarctica? How will enhanced ultraviolet radiations affect us?

Solution

Ozone hole is formed over Antarctica due to the excessive use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). CFCs are a major component of the refrigerants used. These when released in the lower atmosphere move upward and reach the stratosphere. The UV radiation in the stratosphere acts on the CFC molecules resulting in the release of Cl atoms. The chlorine atoms act as a catalyst in the degradation of ozone into molecular oxygen.Thus the CFCs have a permanent and continuing effect on the degradation of ozone as Cl atoms are not used up. All this leads to thinning of ozone layer which is more prominent over the Antarctic region called the Ozone hole.
The formation of the ozone hole will result in an increased concentration of UV - B radiations reaching the Earth’s surface. The UV radiations are very harmful for the organisms. UV radiation damages DNA and activates the process of skin ageing. It also causes skin darkening and skin cancer. High levels of the radiation can cause corneal cataract in human beings.

Some More Questions From Environmental Issues Chapter

Which of the atmospheric layer contains ozone layer ?

The amount of dissolved oxygen required by the microorganisms to degrade the organic wastes present in water is called ?

The cause of acid rain is :

Which one of the following causes ozone depletion ?

What disease is caused due to consumption of fishes captured from water contaminated with mercury ?

Which one of the following is not a green-house gas ?

Which gas contributes the maximum in global warming ?

Fill in the blanks with suitable words :
1. Increase in concentration of soluble salts in the soil is called.........

2. Aforestation can check the advancement of......... .

3. DDT is a serious pollutant as it is a.........pollutant and undergoes......... .

4 .........plant has become a troublesome weed in agricultural fields.

5 .........are major aerosol pollutant present in jet aircraft emission.

Write “True” or “False” :

Coin one word for the following statements :
Discarded computer parts like monitors, key boards, mouse etc.

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