Explain the genetic basis of blood grouping in human population.

Solution

In humans, the blood groups are controlled by a gene called gene I. It has three alleles, namely I^A, I^B and i. The plasma membrane of the red blood cells has sugar polymers that protrude from the surface and the kind of sugar is controlled by the gene. The alleles I^Aand I^B produce a slightly different sugar while i do not produce any sugar. Since humans are diploid, each person can have different combinations of the three alleles. The alleles I^A and I^B are dominant over i therefore a combination of I^Aand iproduce blood group A, I^B and I produce blood group B. The combination of I^A, I^B produces blood group AB which has both A and B types of sugar, because of co-dominance. The combination of I^Aand I^Aproduce blood group A, I^B and I^B produce B blood group.

The type of blood group produced by the different combinations is shown in the table below:

Some More Questions From Principles of Inheritance and Variation Chapter

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Principles Of Inheritance And Variation

Explain the genetic basis of blood grouping in human population.

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