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Strategies For Enhancement In Food Production

Question
CBSEENBI12000722

Briefly describe the various steps involved in plant breeding.

Solution
The various steps involved in plant breeding are discussed below :

1. Collection of variability. Collecting the germplasm of plants with genetic variability for use in the future.

2. Evaluation and Selection of parents. The germplasm is evaluated so as to identify plants with desirable combination of useful characters. The selected plants are multiplied and used in the process of hybridization. 

3. Cross hybridization among the selected parents to form plants with combined properties from two different plants (parents), 

4. Selection and testing of superior recombinants involves selectingplants with desired characters and yields plants with superior quality.

5. Testing, release, and commercialization of new cultivars. The newly selected lines are evaluated for their yield and other agronomic traits of quality and disease resistance by growing these in the research fields and recording their performance . The plants are grown for three growing season in farmer's field and then the best plant is relased and commercialized.