Question
How is aniline prepared commercially? Describe carbylamines test for primary amines.
Solution
Aniline is prepared commercially by the reduction of nitrobenzene using iron and hydrochloric acid.
Because of the presence of hydrochloric acid in the reaction mixture actually aniline hydrochloride (C6H5NH3+Cl-) is obtained. This on treatment with aqueous sodium carbonate gives aniline.
Carbylamine test for primary amines:
Primary amines, both aliphatic and aromatic, give carbylamines having a pungent smell, when heated with chloroform and alcoholic potash.
Because of the presence of hydrochloric acid in the reaction mixture actually aniline hydrochloride (C6H5NH3+Cl-) is obtained. This on treatment with aqueous sodium carbonate gives aniline.
Carbylamine test for primary amines:
Primary amines, both aliphatic and aromatic, give carbylamines having a pungent smell, when heated with chloroform and alcoholic potash.
