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Hydrogen

Question
CBSEENCH11006958

What is the difference between 'hydrolysis' and 'hydration'?

Solution
Hydrolysis. Interaction of H+ and OHions of H2O with the anion and cation of a salt respectively to give the original acid and the original base is called hydrolysis. For example,
stack Na subscript 2 CO subscript 3 with Salt below space plus space 2 straight H subscript 2 straight O space space rightwards arrow space space space stack 2 NaOH with Base below space space plus stack straight H subscript 2 CO subscript 3 with Acid below
Mechanism:
      stack Na subscript 2 CO subscript 3 with Salt below space space space rightwards arrow with water on top space 2 Na to the power of plus left parenthesis aq right parenthesis space plus space CO subscript 3 superscript 2 minus end superscript left parenthesis aq right parenthesis
                  2 HOH space space rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon space space space stack 2 OH to the power of minus left parenthesis aq with downwards arrow below right parenthesis space plus space stack 2 straight H to the power of plus left parenthesis aq right parenthesis with on space dissolution below
space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space 2 NaOH space plus space straight H subscript 2 CO subscript 3
Hydration: It involves the addition of H2O to ions or molecules to form hydrated ions or hydrated salts. For example,
stack straight K to the power of plus Cl to the power of minus with Salt below space plus space straight H subscript 2 straight O space space rightwards arrow space space space space straight K to the power of plus left parenthesis aq right parenthesis space plus space Cl to the power of minus left parenthesis aq right parenthesis
stack CuSO subscript 4 with left parenthesis Colourless right parenthesis below space plus space 5 straight H subscript 2 straight O space space rightwards arrow space space stack CuSO subscript 4. with left parenthesis Blue right parenthesis below space 5 straight H subscript 2 straight O