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Hydrogen

Question
CBSEENCH11006950
Wired Faculty App

Discuss the principle and method of softening of hard water by synthetic ion-exchange resins.
Or
What do you mean by synthetic ion-exchange resins?

Solution

Synthetic ion-exchange resins are of two types:
(i) Cation exchange resins. These are either carboxylic acids or sulphonic acids having the general formula, RCOOH or R-SO3H where R represents the giant hydrocarbon framework. These resins exchange their H+ ions with Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions present in hard water.
stack 2 straight H to the power of plus space minus space Resin with Cation space exchange below space plus space stack stack Ca to the power of 2 plus end exponent with left parenthesis in space hard space water right parenthesis below with resin below space space rightwards arrow space space space space stack Ca left parenthesis resin right parenthesis subscript 2 space with Exhausted space resin below plus space 2 straight H to the power of plus stack 2 straight H to the power of plus space minus space Resin with Cation space exchange space below space plus space space stack Mg to the power of 2 plus end exponent with left parenthesis in space hard space water right parenthesis below space space space rightwards arrow space space space space space stack Mg left parenthesis resin right parenthesis subscript 2 with Exhausted space resin below space plus space 2 straight H to the power of plus
(ii) Anion exchange resin. These are substituted ammonium hydrides the general formula. 
straight R space minus space straight N with plus on top straight H subscript 3 OH to the power of minus where space straight R space denotes space the space giant space hydrocarbon space frame space work. space T hese space resins space exchange space their space OH to the power of minus space ions space with space Cl to the power of minus space and space SO subscript 4 superscript 2 minus end superscript space ion space present space in space hard space water. space stack HO to the power of minus space minus space resin with Anion space exchange space below space space plus stack space Cl to the power of minus with left parenthesis in space hard space water right parenthesis below space rightwards arrow space stack Cl to the power of minus space minus space resin with Exhausted space resin below space plus space stack OH to the power of minus with resin below
2 HO to the power of minus space minus space resin space plus space SO subscript 4 superscript 2 minus end superscript space space space rightwards arrow space space space SO subscript 4 superscript 2 minus end superscript left parenthesis resin right parenthesis subscript 2 space plus space 2 OH to the power of minus Anion space exchange space space left parenthesis in space hard space water right parenthesis space resin space space Exhausted space resin space
Now H+ ion produced from cation exchange resins and OH- ions produced from anion exchange resins combine to form water.

Some More Questions From Hydrogen Chapter

Why does hydrogen occur in a diatomic form rather than in a monoatomic form under normal conditions?

Give one example in which hydrogen acts as an oxidising agent.

Give laboratory Preparation of Dihydrogen ?

Name the substances in which hydrogen exhibits 0 and -1 oxidation states.

Name one isotope of hydrogen which has no neutron.

Which isotope of hydrogen is used as a tracer in organic reactions ?

Hydrogen is the lightest gas. Still its use in filling balloons has been discarded. Why?

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