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Hydrogen

Question
CBSEENCH11006940

What do you understand by the term ‘auto-protolysis’ of water? What is its significance?

Solution
Auto-protolysis of water. Auto-protolysis of water means its self-ionisation. Self-ionisation of water can be represented as:
stack straight H subscript 2 straight O left parenthesis straight l right parenthesis with Acid subscript 1 below space plus space stack straight H subscript 2 straight O left parenthesis straight l right parenthesis with Base subscript 2 below space space space leftwards harpoon over rightwards harpoon space space stack straight H subscript 3 straight O to the power of plus with Acid subscript 2 below space plus space stack OH to the power of minus left parenthesis aq right parenthesis with Base subscript 1 below
The significance of auto-protolysis. water shows its amphoteric nature due to autoprotolysis i.e. water reacts with both acids and bases.
 Water acting as an acid:
   stack straight H subscript 2 straight O left parenthesis straight l right parenthesis with Acid subscript 1 below space plus space stack NH subscript 3 left parenthesis aq right parenthesis with Base subscript 2 below space space space rightwards arrow space space space space stack straight N to the power of plus straight H subscript 4 left parenthesis aq right parenthesis with Acid subscript 2 below space plus space stack OH to the power of minus left parenthesis aq right parenthesis with Base subscript 1 below
Water acting as a base:
straight H subscript 2 straight O left parenthesis straight l right parenthesis space plus space CH subscript 3 COOH left parenthesis aq right parenthesis space space rightwards arrow space space space straight H subscript 3 straight O to the power of plus left parenthesis straight l right parenthesis space plus space CH subscript 3 COO to the power of minus
left parenthesis aq right parenthesis
Base subscript 1 space space space space space Acid subscript 2 space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space Acid subscript 1 space space space space space space space space space space space space Base subscript 2 space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space