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Redox Reactions

Question
CBSEENCH11006768

Balance the following redox reaction by oxidation number method:

   left parenthesis Cr left parenthesis OH right parenthesis subscript 4 superscript minus space plus space straight H subscript 2 straight O subscript 2 space space rightwards arrow space space space space CrO subscript 4 superscript 2 minus end superscript space plus space straight H subscript 2 straight O space
space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space left parenthesis Basic space medium right parenthesis

Solution

(i) The skeleton equation along with oxidation number of each atom isstack Cr with plus 3 on top space left parenthesis straight O with negative 2 on top space straight H with plus 1 on top right parenthesis subscript 4 superscript minus space with Cr space equals plus 3 below plus space stack straight H subscript 2 with plus 1 on top stack straight O subscript 2 with negative 2 on top space rightwards arrow space stack Cr with plus 6 on top stack straight O subscript 4 superscript 2 minus end superscript with negative 2 on top with Cr space equals plus 6 below space plus space stack straight H subscript 2 with plus 1 on top stack space straight O with negative 2 on top
(ii) Noting the change in O.N. of above atoms,
    Increase in Cr = + 3 to +6  i.e. 
    Decrease per atom of O = 1 (from O in H2O2 to O in H2O)
    Total number of O atom involved = 2
     Total decrease for 2 atoms of O = 2 x 1  = 2
(iii) Equalise the increase/decrease in O.N. by multiplying H2O2 by 3 and Cr left parenthesis OH right parenthesis subscript 4 superscript minus space by space 2.
                 space space 2 Cr left parenthesis OH right parenthesis subscript 4 superscript minus space plus space 3 straight H subscript 2 straight O subscript 2 space space rightwards arrow space space space CrO subscript 4 superscript 2 minus end superscript space plus space straight H subscript 2 straight O
(iv)   2 Cr left parenthesis OH right parenthesis subscript 4 superscript minus space plus space 3 straight H subscript 2 straight O subscript 2 space space rightwards arrow space space 2 CrO subscript 4 superscript 2 minus end superscript space plus space space straight H subscript 2 straight O
space space left parenthesis straight v right parenthesis space 2 Cr left parenthesis OH right parenthesis subscript 4 superscript minus space plus space 3 straight H subscript 2 straight O subscript 2 space space rightwards arrow space space space 2 CrO subscript 4 superscript 2 minus end superscript space plus space straight H subscript 2 straight O space plus space 5 straight H subscript 2 straight O
space space or space space space space 2 Cr left parenthesis OH right parenthesis subscript 4 space plus space 3 straight H subscript 2 straight O subscript 2 space rightwards arrow space space space space space 3 CrO subscript 4 superscript 2 minus end superscript space plus space 6 straight H subscript 2 straight O
space space left parenthesis vi right parenthesis space 2 Cr left parenthesis OH right parenthesis subscript 4 superscript minus space plus space 3 straight H subscript 2 straight O subscript 2 space plus space 2 OH to the power of minus space space rightwards arrow space space space 2 CrO subscript 4 superscript 2 minus end superscript space plus space 6 straight H subscript 2 straight O space plus space 2 straight H subscript 2 straight O
space space or space space space space space space 2 Cr left parenthesis OH right parenthesis subscript 4 superscript minus space plus space 3 straight H subscript 2 straight O subscript 2 space plus space 2 OH to the power of minus space rightwards arrow space space 2 Cr left parenthesis OH right parenthesis subscript 4 superscript 2 minus end superscript space plus space 8 straight H subscript 2 straight O