-->

Equilibrium

Question
CBSEENCH11006377

What are the characteristics of equilibrium constant?

Solution

(i) The equilibrium constant has a definite value for every chemical reaction at a given temperature. However, it varies with the change in temperature.
(ii) Its value is not influenced by the change in the concentration of reactants and products.
(iii) It is not affected by the presence of a catalyst.
(iv) The equilibrium constant for the forward reaction is the inverse of the equilibrium constant for the backward reaction.
For    straight A plus straight B space rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon space straight C plus straight D
               straight K space equals space fraction numerator open square brackets straight C close square brackets space open square brackets straight D close square brackets over denominator open square brackets straight A close square brackets space open square brackets straight B close square brackets end fraction
and for
 straight C plus straight D space space rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon space space space straight A plus straight D
 straight K apostrophe space equals space fraction numerator open square brackets straight A close square brackets space open square brackets straight B close square brackets over denominator open square brackets straight C close square brackets space open square brackets straight D close square brackets end fraction
Clearly  
    straight K equals space fraction numerator 1 over denominator straight K apostrophe end fraction

(v) The value of K tells us the extent to which the forward or backward reaction has taken place. The Greater value of Kc and Kp means that the reaction has proceeded to a greater extent in the forward direction.
(vi) The value of K changes if the coefficient of various species in the equation representing equilibrium are multiplied by the same number.
For example,
  straight H subscript 2 space plus space straight I subscript 2 space space space rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon space space space 2 HI
straight K subscript 1 space equals space fraction numerator open square brackets HI close square brackets squared over denominator open square brackets straight H subscript 2 close square brackets space open square brackets straight I subscript 2 close square brackets end fraction space equals space 49 space at space 711 straight K
However, if we write 1 half straight H subscript 2 space plus space 1 half space leftwards harpoon over rightwards harpoon space HI
Then straight K subscript 2 space equals space fraction numerator open square brackets HI close square brackets over denominator open square brackets straight H subscript 2 close square brackets to the power of 1 divided by 2 end exponent space open square brackets straight I subscript 2 close square brackets to the power of 1 divided by 2 end exponent end fraction
space space space space equals space square root of straight K space equals space square root of 49 space equals space 7