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Equilibrium

Question
CBSEENCH11006353

What are reversible and irreversible reactions? Give examples.

Solution

Reversible reactions: Reactions which proceed in both directions are called reversible reactions. In a reversible reaction, the reactants are changed into products and simultaneously the products are changed into reactants. A reversible reaction is shown by using two half arrows in opposite direction open parentheses leftwards harpoon over rightwards harpoon close parentheses.  In a reversible reaction, the reaction proceeding from left to right (reactants that give the products) is called forward reaction. The reaction proceeding from right to left (products that give back the reactants) is called a backwards reaction. The reversible reaction generally proceeds in a closed vessel. This prevents the escape of the products. Example of reversible reaction are:
left parenthesis straight i right parenthesis space straight H subscript 2 plus straight I subscript 2 space space rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon space space 2 HI
left parenthesis ii right parenthesis space straight N subscript 2 plus 3 straight H subscript 2 space rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon space space 2 NH subscript 3
left parenthesis iii right parenthesis space 2 SO subscript 2 plus straight O subscript 2 space rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon space space 2 SO subscript 3
left parenthesis iv right parenthesis space space space PCl subscript 5 space rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon space space space space PCl subscript 3 plus Cl subscript 2
Irreversible reactions: A chemical reaction is said to be irreversible if reactants are changed into products (proceeds only in the forward direction) but the products do not combine to form the reactants. These reactions are indicated by a single arrow left parenthesis rightwards arrow right parenthesis in a chemical equation. Examples of irreversible reactions are:
 (i) Burning of magnesium
           2 Mg space plus space straight O subscript 2 space space rightwards arrow space space 2 MgO
(ii) Decomposition of potassium chlorate. 
(iii) The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to form water vapours. 
2 straight H subscript 2 straight O space plus space straight O subscript 2 space space rightwards arrow from room space temp to Electric space spark of space 2 straight H subscript 2 straight O