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Thermodynamics

Question
CBSEENCH11006216

What do you mean by bond enthalpy? When is bond enthalpy equal to bond dissociation energy?

Solution

Chemical reactions involve the breaking and making of chemical bonds. Energy is required to break a bond and energy is released when a bond is formed. The bond enthalpy is the amount of energy necessary to break bonds in one mole of a gaseous covalent substance to form products in the gaseous state. The bond enthalpy for H2 is 435.0 kJ mol–1.
This endothermic reaction (∆H0 is positive) can be written as,
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Bond energy of a diatomic molecule (e.g. H2, Cl2, O2 etc.) is equal to its dissociation energy. The dissociation energy of a bond is defined as the enthalpy change involved in breaking the bond between atoms of a gaseous homonuclear molecule.
Calculation of enthalpy of reaction from bond energies: We know that when a reaction takes place, some bonds are broken while some new bonds are formed. Energy is required to the dissociation of bonds while energy is released when the bonds are formed.
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