What do you understand by formal charge (F.C.) on atom in a molecule/ion?

Solution

The formal charge of an atom in a polyatomic molecule or ion may be defined as the difference between the number of valence electrons of that atom in an isolated or free state and the number of electrons assigned to that atom in the Lewis structure.

It is expressed as:

[Formal charge (F.C.) on an atom in a molecule/ion]
= [Total number of valence electrons in the free atom] - [Total number of non-bonding (lonepair) electrons]
- $1 half open square brackets Total space number space of space bonding space left parenthesis shared right parenthesis space electrons close square brackets$

Some More Questions From Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Chapter

Two elements A and B have the electronic configuration as:
A = 1s²2s²2p⁶3s² and B = 1s²2s²2p⁵Write the empirical formula of the substance containing A and B.

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Chemical Bonding And Molecular Structure

What do you understand by formal charge (F.C.) on atom in a molecule/ion?

Some More Questions From Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Chapter

What bond is present in MgCl₂ molecules?

Write Lewis dot symbols for atoms of the elements Mg, Na, B, O, N, Br.

Draw the Lewis structure for the ionic compound by aluminium and fluorine.

Two elements A and B have the electronic configuration as:
A = 1s²2s²2p⁶3s² and B = 1s²2s²2p⁵Write the empirical formula of the substance containing A and B.

What type of bonding would you expect between:
(i) a metal and a non-metal
(ii) a non-metal and another non-metal?

Give reasons in one or two sentences for the observation that in their compounds non-metals form anions and not cations.

Out of Na and K, which will form a more stable ionic bond?

Which will have a greater lattice enthalpy: NaCl or MgO?

Is a covalent molecule always formed between two similar atoms?

Why sodium chloride is a solid whereas carbon tetrachloride is a liquid?

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Chemical Bonding And Molecular Structure

What do you understand by formal charge (F.C.) on atom in a molecule/ion?

Some More Questions From Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Chapter

What bond is present in MgCl2 molecules?

Write Lewis dot symbols for atoms of the elements Mg, Na, B, O, N, Br.

Draw the Lewis structure for the ionic compound by aluminium and fluorine.

Two elements A and B have the electronic configuration as:A = 1s22s22p63s2 and B = 1s22s22p5Write the empirical formula of the substance containing A and B.

What type of bonding would you expect between:(i) a metal and a non-metal(ii) a non-metal and another non-metal?

Give reasons in one or two sentences for the observation that in their compounds non-metals form anions and not cations.

Out of Na and K, which will form a more stable ionic bond?

Which will have a greater lattice enthalpy: NaCl or MgO?

Is a covalent molecule always formed between two similar atoms?

Why sodium chloride is a solid whereas carbon tetrachloride is a liquid?

Mock Test Series

NCERT Sample Papers

Entrance Exams Preparation

What bond is present in MgCl₂ molecules?

Two elements A and B have the electronic configuration as:
A = 1s²2s²2p⁶3s² and B = 1s²2s²2p⁵Write the empirical formula of the substance containing A and B.

What type of bonding would you expect between:
(i) a metal and a non-metal
(ii) a non-metal and another non-metal?