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Environmental Chemistry

Question
CBSEENCH11007973

Discuss measures for the control of NOX pollution. 

Solution

(i) NO2 gas is acidic in nature. So, it can be removed by using an alkaline solution containing Ca(OH)2 and Mg(OH)2.
(ii) The flue gases emitted from power plants and industrial units contain oxides of nitrogen along with SO2 gas etc. These gases can be removed by scrubbing the flue gases with H2SO4. The following reaction takes place first. scrubbing the flue gases with H2SO4.
The following reaction takes place first:
NO subscript 2 space plus space SO subscript 2 space plus space straight H subscript 2 straight O space rightwards arrow space space straight H subscript 2 SO subscript 4 space plus space NO
Then NO and NO2 gases react to form N2Owhich when scrubbed by H2SO4 gives NOHSO4.
NO space plus space NO subscript 2 space rightwards arrow space space straight N subscript 2 straight O subscript 3
straight N subscript 2 straight O subscript 3 space plus space 2 straight H subscript 2 SO subscript 4 space rightwards arrow space space 2 NOHSO subscript 4 space plus space straight H subscript 2 straight O
Thus both NO2 and SO2 gases get removed from flue gases.
These cleaned flue gases are harmless and are released to the atmosphere. 
(iii) The oxides of nitrogen present in the exhaust gases of internal combination engine are reduced to N2 and NH3 by the use of finely divided platinum as a catalyst.