Question
How will you explain the directive influence of –NH2 group (in the case of aniline)?
Solution
The lone pair present on the nitrogen atom is in resonance or conjugation with the 
electrons present in the ring. As a result, the ortho and para positions in the ring become the points of high electron density or negatively charged. The new entering group (electrophile) will prefer to attack at the ortho and para position rather than the meta position. 
