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Organic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles And Techniques

Question
CBSEENCH11007477

A hydrocarbon has the molecular formula C6H14. To which family does it belong? Write all the possible chain isomers. Give their IUPAC names.
Or
An alkane has molecular mass 86. Write the possible structural isomers of the alkane with their IUPAC names.

Solution
The molecular formula of alkane having molecular mass 86 can be found as follows:
Molecular mass of straight C subscript straight n straight H subscript 2 straight n plus 2 end subscript
                           equals space straight n space cross times space 12 space plus space left parenthesis 2 straight n plus 2 right parenthesis space cross times space 1
space equals space 12 straight n space plus space 2 straight n space plus space 2
space equals space 14 straight n plus 2
                space space space space space space space 14 straight n plus 2 space equals space 86
or space space space space space space 14 straight n space equals space 84
or space space space space space space space space straight n space equals space 6
Hence the molecular formula of an alkane is straight C subscript 6 straight H subscript 14. It has five structural isomers.