Question

What happens when:
(i) sodium carbonate reacts with the milk of lime.
(ii) sodium carbonate is added to water.
(iii) sodium carbonate reacts with a dilute mineral acid?

Solution

(i) It reacts with hot milk of lime to form sodium hydroxide

Na subscript 2 CO subscript 3 space plus space Ca left parenthesis OH right parenthesis subscript 2 space space rightwards arrow space space space CaCO subscript 3 downwards arrow space plus space NaOH

.
(ii) It undergoes hydrolysis to form an alkaline solution.

Na subscript 2 CO subscript 3 space plus space 2 straight H subscript 2 straight O space rightwards arrow space space space straight H subscript 2 CO subscript 3 space plus space 2 NaOH

.
(iii) It reacts with dilute mineral acid evolving CO₂ gas.

Na subscript 2 CO subscript 3 space plus space 2 HCl space rightwards arrow space space space 2 NaCl space plus space straight H subscript 2 straight O space plus space CO subscript 2

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