Discuss the various reactions which occur in the Solvay ammonia process.

Solution

In this process, brine (i.e. a concentrated solution of NaCl), ammonia and carbondioxide are the raw materials. The chemical reactions involved are:
$NaCl space plus space NH subscript 3 space plus space CO subscript 2 space plus space straight H subscript 2 straight O space space rightwards arrow space space space NaHCO subscript 3 space downwards arrow space plus space NH subscript 4 Cl space... left parenthesis 1 right parenthesis 2 NaHCO subscript 3 space rightwards arrow with 523 space straight K on top space Na subscript 2 CO subscript 3 space plus space stack straight H subscript 2 straight O space plus space CO subscript 2 with left parenthesis used space again right parenthesis below$
CO₂ needed for the reaction is obtained by heating calcium carbonate and quick lime (CaO) is dissolved in water to form slaked lime Ca(OH)₂.
$CaCO subscript 3 space rightwards arrow with Heat on top space CaO space plus space CO subscript 2 CaO space plus space straight H subscript 2 straight O space rightwards arrow space space Ca left parenthesis OH right parenthesis subscript 2 space space space space space space... left parenthesis 2 right parenthesis$
NH₃ needed for the reaction is obtained by heating NH₄Cl formed in eq. (1) with Ca(OH)₂formed in eq. (2).
$2 NH subscript 4 Cl space plus space Ca left parenthesis OH right parenthesis subscript 2 space rightwards arrow space space space 2 NH subscript 3 space plus space CaCl subscript 2 space plus space 2 straight H subscript 2 straight O$
The only by product of the reaction is calcium chloride (CaCl₂).

Some More Questions From The s-Block Elements Chapter

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The S-Block Elements

Discuss the various reactions which occur in the Solvay ammonia process.

Some More Questions From The s-Block Elements Chapter

In aqueous solution, Li⁺ ion has lowest mobility. Why?

Lithium has highest ionisation energy in group 1 elements, yet it is strongest reducing agent. Comment.

The softness of group 1 elements increases down the group with increasing atomic number. Give reason.

Which is the most reactive alkali metal and why?

Why alkali metals do not form M²⁺ions?

Name the radio active element in group 1. How does it resemble with the remaining elements of the group?

Why alkali metals are normally kept in kerosene oil?

Why lithium cannot be stored in kerosene?

Why does lithium form complexes?

Why are alkali metal ions diamagnetic and colourless?

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For Daily Free Study Material Join wiredfaculty

The S-Block Elements

Discuss the various reactions which occur in the Solvay ammonia process.

Some More Questions From The s-Block Elements Chapter

In aqueous solution, Li+ ion has lowest mobility. Why?

Lithium has highest ionisation energy in group 1 elements, yet it is strongest reducing agent. Comment.

The softness of group 1 elements increases down the group with increasing atomic number. Give reason.

Which is the most reactive alkali metal and why?

Why alkali metals do not form M2+ ions?

Name the radio active element in group 1. How does it resemble with the remaining elements of the group?

Why alkali metals are normally kept in kerosene oil?

Why lithium cannot be stored in kerosene?

Why does lithium form complexes?

Why are alkali metal ions diamagnetic and colourless?

Mock Test Series

NCERT Sample Papers

Entrance Exams Preparation

In aqueous solution, Li⁺ ion has lowest mobility. Why?

Why alkali metals do not form M²⁺ions?