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The S-Block Elements

Question
CBSEENCH11007084
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Why are lithium salts commonly hydrated and those of the other alkali metal ions usually anhydrous?

Solution

Lithium salts are commonly hydrated like LiCl.2H2O whereas other alkali ions are usually anhydrous. The hydration enthalpy of Li+ ion is maximum hydrated and therefore, the effective size of Li+ in aqueous solution is the largest. The hydration enthalpy decreases with increase in ionic size.

Li+ >Na+>K+> Rb+>Cs+

Therefore, the ions of other alkali metals are usually anhydrous.

Some More Questions From The s-Block Elements Chapter

Group 1 elements are called alkali metals. Why?

Why caesium can be used in photoelectric cell while lithium can not be?

In aqueous solution, Li+ ion has lowest mobility. Why?

Lithium has highest ionisation energy in group 1 elements, yet it is strongest reducing agent. Comment.

The softness of group 1 elements increases down the group with increasing atomic number. Give reason. 

Which is the most reactive alkali metal and why?

Why alkali metals do not form M2+ ions?

Name the radio active element in group 1. How does it resemble with the remaining elements of the group?

Why alkali metals are normally kept in kerosene oil?

Why lithium cannot be stored in kerosene?

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