D.

three fatty acids and one glycerol

Alcohol have a hydroxyl group (-OH) and organic acids have a carboxyl group (-COOH). When alcohol and organic acids join, they form esters. The glycerol molecule has three hydroxyl group and each fatty acid has three carboxyl group. Hence, a triglyceride or triacylglyceride an ester is formed from the reaction between three fatty acids and one glycerol.

B.

wheat

Gluten is found in wheat endosperm. It is a type of tissue produced in seeds which is grounded to make flour. It is responsible for both providing nourishment to plant embryo during germination and affecting the elasticity of the dough therey, affecing the chewiness of baked wheat products. Gluten is actually composed of two different proteins, i.e., gliadin (a protamin protein) and glutenin (a glutelin protein). Soyabean contain soya protein, spinach and potatoes contains very less amount of protein.

C.

Table sugar

Sucrose is a disaccharide. It is commonly known as sugar, table sugar, cane sugar or beet sugar. It is enriched with non- reducing sugars because it is a carbohydrate which is not oxidised by a weak oxidising agent in basic aqueaous solution, i.e., it does not generate any compounds containing an aldehyde group. Sugar found in other given options ore grapes glucose and fructose (in grapes), grains maltose in germinating barley and lactose in mother's milk are all enriched with a reducing sugar, i.e., they has an aldehyde group or are capable of forming one in solution through isomerism.

B.

Amount of DNA in the parent cell is first doubled and then distributed into two daughter cells

Mitosis is a type of division in which the chromosomes replicate themselves and gets equally distributed into two daughter cells, i.e., the amount of DNA in this gets doubled first and then distributed into two daughter cells. This is actually a cloning in which daughter cells produced are identical to the parent cells and receive equal number of chromosomes.

A.

thylakoid membrane

The green pigment chlorophyll is located within the thylakoid membrane, and the space between the thylakoid and the chloroplast membranes is called the stroma.

Chlorophyll is specifically arranged in and around photosystems that are embedded in thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. It also acts as a site of light dependent reactions of photosynthesis, while thylakoid lumen has vital role in photophosphorylation during photosynthesis, stroma is a colourless fluid has surrounding the grana within the chloroplast.