C.

(d), (a), (c), (b)

 The correct order of arrangement of the given components from outside to inside in a woody dicot stem is as follows:
Phellem Secondary cortex Secondary phloem wood

TS of a typical dicot stem showing secondary growth

A.

Photosynthesis

Chromatophores are found in members of phototrophic bacteria. They contain bacteriochlorophyll pigments and carotenoids and take part in photosynthesis. In purple bacteria, such as Rhodospirillum rubrum, the light-harvesting proteins are intrinsic to the chromatophore membranes. However, in green sulphur bacteria, they are arranged in specialised antenna complexes called chlorosomes. 

A.

Fibrous joint

Fibrous joints are immovable joints in that occur between the bones of the cranium and in the tooth sockets. They do not allow movement because the bones are held firmly together by bundles of strong white collagen fibres. The immovable joints are often known as the sutures. The periosteum that covers the bones dips between them as a septum

C.

Scutellum

The grain of wheat, maize or rice is a caryopsis. The embryo in such grains lies laterally near the base of the grain. The embryo consists of an upper large, shield-shaped cotyledon known as scutellum. The scutellum is closely pressed against the endosperm and helps in the translocation of nutrients from endosperm to the growing embryo at the time of germination and seedling growth. 

A.

Nuclear envelope

In a prokaryotic cell, nuclear envelope is not found. It means genetic material (DNA) is not enclosed by any envelope and lies in direct contact with the cytoplasm.