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NEET biology

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Question
CBSEENBI11003095
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Which of the following is the largest gland in an adult man?

  • Thymus

  • Liver

  • Thyroid

  • Pancreas

Solution

B.

Liver

 

Liver Thyroid Gland Pancreas Thymus gland
Endodermal in origin Length- 3 to 7 cm; Weight- 25gms Length- 12- 15 cms; Weight- 50- 70 gm Weight- at birth- 10 to 12 gms; at puberty- 20 to 30 gms; at old age- 3 to 6 gms
Largest gland in human body  Largest endocrine gland Heterocrine (mixed) gland Has immunological functions
Secretes bile which is used in the emulsification and absorption of fats. Location- below larynx Hormones secreted are insulin, glucagon and somatostatin After puberty it is not clearly visible.
Produces heparin, plasma protein (albumin, fibrinogen and prothrombin) etc. Produces thyroxine (T4)- controlsbasal metabolic rate of the body    

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Question
CBSEENBI11003096
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In Pheretima, septa are absent between which segments?

  • 3/4 and 9/10

  • 4/5 and 8/9

  • 5/6 and 7/8

  • 7/8 and 6/7

Solution

A.

3/4 and 9/10

In Pheretima posthuma (earthworm) septa are absent between 3/4 and 9/10 segments.

Question
CBSEENBI11003097
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During emergency which of the following hormone is secreted?

  • Aldosterone

  • Thyroxine

  • Adrenalin

  • Calcitonin

Solution

C.

Adrenalin

 

Adrenalin Aldosterone Thyroxine Calcitonin
Secreted by Chromaffin cells of adrenal medulla Secreted by adrenal cortex Produced in manufactured and synthesized from iodine Secreted by parafollicular cells of thyroid
Controlled by Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Mineralocorticoid or salt retaining hormone Also called tri-iodothyronine hormone Also called Thyrocalcitonin (TCT) hormone.
Also called 'emergency hormone' Function is in conservation of sodium and water and dimination of potassium. Function is to control metabolism, regulating tissue growth and development. Main role is to lower the amount of calcium and phosphate in the blood.

 

 

Question
CBSEENBI11003098
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In cockroach, larval and nymphal characters are maintained by

  • ecdysone

  • salivary glands

  • parotid gland

  • juvenile hormone

Solution

D.

juvenile hormone

Juvenile hormone is produced by corpora allata in insects, it favors the development of juvenile characteristics. During larval life, this hormone predominates and each moult yields another larger juvenile and keeps the larva in immature condition or maintains juvenility.


Ecdysone is a steroidal, moulting hormone of prothoracic gland, in insects that triggers metamorphosis.


Salivary glands are the merocrine or epicrine type of gland. Their secretion diffuses out through the cell surface, causing no damage to the cell. In man, 3 pairs of salivary glands are present and in rabbit, they are 4 pairs. salivary glands are absent in frog.


Parotid glands are compound tubulo- acinar glands and are the type of salivary glands with a flask like secretory portion. Poison gland of a toad is modified parotid gland. In rabbit, parotid glands are the largest salivary glands present beneath the ears. Duct of parotid gland is known as Stenson's duct in man.

Question
CBSEENBI11003099
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Which of the following is a transparent tissue?

  • Tendon

  • Fibrous cartilage

  • Hyaline cartilage

  • All of these

Solution

C.

Hyaline cartilage

Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant kind of cartilage with no fibres and transparent matrix. It is found upon articular surfaces at joints of long bones. It helps to from the nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi and bronchial tubes leading to the lungs.


Fibrocartilage (fibrous cartilage) carries thick dense bundles of white collagen fibres in matrix. They are the strongest cartilage. They occur in joints between vertebrae and also pubic symphysis.


Tendon is a very dense, strong fibruous connective tissue made of collagen fibres. Tendon connects a skeletal muscle to a bone.

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