A.

Aspergillus flavus 

Aspergillus flavus is the fungi which grows on plants such as peanut plant. It is used in the production of the antibiotic Flavicin. It is also used to produce the carcinogenic substance Aflatoxin.

A.

sonography

The correct option is Sonography. is a process to visualize the structures beneath the skin.  A gel containing the Lead Zirconate  is used to prevent sound from getting scattered. It assists to diagnose cysts, tumors and many other complications.

B.

azadiractin

Antifeedants are organic compound produced by plants to inhibit attack by insects and grazing animals. These chemical compounds are typically classified as secondary metabolites in that they are not essential for the metabolism of the plant, but instead confer longevity. Antifeedants exhibit a wide range of activities and chemical structures as biopesticides.

 Azadirachtin are extract of neem tree, it has several effects on phytophagous insects and is thought to disrupt insect molting by antagonizing the effects of ecdysteroids. This effect is independent of feeding inhibition, which is another observed effect of the compound.^1,10 The antifeedant/repellent effects are dramatic, with many insects avoiding treated crops, although other chemicals in the seed extract, such as salanin, have been shown to be responsible for these effects. 

A.

a phenomenon related to fruit ripening

The development of multi-cellular organisms begins from a single-celled zygote, which undergoes rapid cell division to form the blastula. The rapid, multiple rounds of cell division are termed cleavage. After the cleavage has produced over 100 cells, the embryo is called a blastula.

A.

gaseous hormone

Ethylene is thought of as the aging hormone in plants. In addition to causing fruit to ripen, it can cause plants to die. It can be produced when plants are injured, either mechanically or by disease. Ethylene gas is used commercially to ripen tomatoes, bananas, pears, and a few other fruits postharvest