CBSE physics

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Question
CBSEENPH12038993

Define capacitor reactance. Write its S.I. units. 

Solution

The resistance offered by the capacitor when connected to an electrical circuit is known as capacitive reactance.

It is given by,
chi subscript C space equals space 1 over omega subscript c

where, 
omega italic comma italic spaceis the angular frequency of the source, and 
C, is the capacitance of the capacitor.

SI Unit is ohm.

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Question
CBSEENPH12038994

What is the electric flux through a cube of side 1 cm which encloses an electric dipole? 

Solution

Given, cube encloses an electric dipole.

So, the total charge enclosed by the cube is zero.
That is, Q= 0.

Now, using the formula for electric flux as per the Gauss’s law of electrostatics, we have
ϕ subscript E space equals space contour integral E. d s space equals space Q over epsilon subscript o

ϕ subscript E space equals 0

Question
CBSEENPH12038997

Graph showing the variation of current versus voltage for a material GaAs is shown in the figure. Identify the region of

i) negative resistance

ii) where Ohm’s law is obeyed.    

WiredFaculty                         

Solution

i) The region of negative resistance is DE because, the slope is negative for this part of curve.

ii) BC is the part of the curve where Ohm’s law is obeyed because here, current is varying linearly with with the voltage. This gives us direct proportionality between current and voltage.

Question
CBSEENPH12039003

Use Kirchhoff’s rules to obtain conditions for the balance condition in a Wheatstone bridge.

Solution

A Wheatstone bridge arrangement is shown as below: 
WiredFaculty 

Using Kirchoff’s second  law to the loop ABDA, we get 
straight I subscript 1 straight P space minus space straight I subscript straight g straight G space minus space straight I subscript 2 straight R space equals space 0 space semicolon space straight G space is space the space galvanometer space resistance. space
Applying Kirchoff’s law to loop BCDB, we get

left parenthesis straight I subscript 1 space – space straight I subscript straight g right parenthesis straight Q space – space left parenthesis straight I subscript 2 space plus space straight I subscript straight g right parenthesis straight S space – space GI subscript straight g space equals space 0 space
When the bridge is balanced, straight I subscript straight g space equals space space 0
Then, the equations can be written as, 

straight I subscript 1 straight P space – space straight I subscript 2 straight R space equals space 0 space orI subscript 1 straight P space equals space straight I subscript 2 straight R                     ... (1) 
straight I subscript 1 straight Q space – space straight I subscript 2 straight S space equals space 0 space orI subscript 1 straight Q space equals space straight I subscript 2 straight S space space                   ... (2) 

On dividing equation (1) by (2), we get
fraction numerator straight space straight P over denominator straight Q end fraction equals space straight R over straight S, which is the balanced condition of a Wheatstone bridge.

Question
CBSEENPH12039004

Name the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum which is

(a) suitable for radar systems used in aircraft navigation.

(b) used to treat muscular strain.

(c) used as a diagnostic tool in medicine.

 Write in brief, how these waves can be produced.     

Solution

a)  Microwaves are suitable for Radar system used in air navigation. They are produced by special vacuum tubes namely klystron valve or magnetron valve.
b) Infrared waves are used to treat muscular strain. These ways are produced by the vibration of atoms and molecules.
c) X-rays are used as diagnostic tool in medicine. X-rays are produced when high energy electrons are suddenly stopped on metal of high atomic number and by the radio-active decay of nucleus.